Steering Knuckle

The steering knuckle is a critical component in a vehicle's suspension and steering systems. It connects the wheel hub to the suspension and steering components, playing a key role in allowing the wheels to turn and the suspension to articulate. Here's a detailed description:

Functions:

1. Steering: The steering knuckle provides a mounting point for the steering components, enabling the wheels to turn in response to the driver's input via the steering wheel.

2. Suspension: It connects to the suspension components, allowing for up-and-down movement to absorb road shocks while maintaining wheel alignment.
3. Wheel Hub: The wheel hub or spindle is often part of the steering knuckle, where the wheel bearings are mounted, allowing the wheel to rotate smoothly.

Components and Connections:

1. Mounting Points:

   • Upper and Lower Ball Joints or Strut Mounts: These attach the knuckle to the control arms in double wishbone suspension or to the strut in a MacPherson strut suspension.

   • Tie Rod End: Connects to the steering knuckle to transfer the steering input from the steering rack or linkage to the wheels.
2. Wheel Hub/Spindle: Typically, the knuckle incorporates the wheel hub or spindle, which houses the wheel bearings and provides a mounting point for the brake rotor and wheel.
3. Brake Components:
   • Caliper Mounting Points: Locations where the brake caliper is attached, allowing the brake pads to clamp onto the brake rotor.
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Materials:

• Typically made from cast iron, cast aluminum, or forged steel, chosen for their strength and durability to withstand the forces exerted during driving, braking, and turning.

Importance:

The steering knuckle's design and integrity are vital for vehicle safety and performance. A failure in the steering knuckle can lead to a loss of control, making its maintenance and inspection crucial during vehicle service.